RESUMEN
In Colombia, more than 4 per cent of the population lives with disability and high levels of income and multidimensional poverty have been recognised within this group. However, there is no information on how the levels of poverty have changed over time or whether households with members with disabilities are more likely to be chronically poorer than households without disabilities in the country. In addition, no evidence exists on the potential effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the socioeconomic characteristics of persons with disability. This study aims to contribute to the literature on this topic by analysing a nationally representative survey (Quality of Life Survey) from 2018 to 2022 and studying the changes in the levels of income and multidimensional poverty of persons with disabilities and their household, and identifying whether any changes associated with the Covid-19 pandemic.
RESUMEN
According to the national population Census of Colombia, 4.1 per cent of the population lives with a disability. Although information is available on the number of persons with disabilities in the country, little information exists on their levels of multidimensional poverty and deprivation, especially at the province of local level. Aiming to contribute to the analysis of the levels of poverty of persons with disabilities living at the municipal/province level, this study computes and analyses the levels of multidimensional poverty in households with and without members with disabilities in the 1.101 municipalities of Colombia. Using the 2018 national population census, we computed the percentage of people living with disabilities in each of the municipalities of the country, then we computed their levels of poverty and deprivation and analysed the difference between households with and without members with disabilities. We also analysed the availability of teachers and schools providing services for children living with disabilities and deprivations in terms of school attendance. The results reveal that households with members with disabilities are poorer than households without members with disabilities, These households present higher deprivations according to most indicators, and the intensity of their poverty is higher. In addition, households with members with disabilities usually present higher levels of deprivation in school attendance and live in municipalities where there is no provision of inclusive schools. These results highlight the importance of implementing specific policies designed to reduce the levels of poverty of persons with disabilities and their families and to guarantee their access to basic opportunities and services.
Asunto(s)
Censos , Personas con Discapacidad , Niño , Humanos , Colombia/epidemiología , Ciudades , PobrezaRESUMEN
The negative impact of health-related out-of-pocket (OOP) payments is a well-known problem in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Cross-sectional analysis reveals that households use different coping mechanisms to mitigate or overcome the effect of OOP payments, but little is known from a longitudinal perspective. We explore this link using panel data for Colombia, Mexico, India, Malawi, Nigeria, Uganda, and Tanzania. Using a fixed-effect model, we computed the association between multidimensional poverty (MP) and facing catastrophic health payments (CHP) using a capacity-to-pay approach. We estimated different heterogeneous effects, including variables such as area of residence, facing CHP, being poor in the first wave, and facing CHP in period two. While using cross-sectional data, we found that the association between CHP and MP is present for six of the seven countries; it is not the case for the time variation in most of them. The results provide evidence that OOP induce a long-term impact on MP only in Colombia, India and Nigeria. In the last two countries, the levels of poverty and CHP were the highest of all seven, and the association between both situations was found by using different poverty cutoffs and thresholds to define CHP.
